Faculty from the School of Public Policy examined the strategic, political and on-the-ground implications of recent U.S. military action and shifting policy in Venezuela. Drawing on expertise in political economy, international security and conflict dynamics, Dean Gustavo Flores-Macías, Associate Professor Josh Shifrinson and Assistant Professor Alec Worsnop explored why military force so often falls short of producing durable outcomes, how great-power competition and signaling shape U.S. decision-making and what policymakers should consider when weighing the costs and consequences of intervention in situations such as the unfolding crisis in Venezuela.